Rural development an overview sciencedirect topics. For example, targeting of assistance programs for education, access to medical services, poverty alleviation, and broadband expansion depends on the status of these services in an area. Development theory, cluster of research and theories on economic and political development. The decades since the end of world war two have witnessed an unrivalled drive for economic and social development by the majority of the worlds nations. The meaning of rural development has also evolved over time in line with current realities. Problem and prospect of rural development in nigeria. Although the origins of sustainable development sd can be traced to the seventies, is in the world commission on environment and development in 1987 wced or.
Through the millennium development goals in nigeria. Sustainable rural livelihoods a framework for analysis ids working paper 72 ian scoones summary the concept of sustainable livelihoods is increasingly important in the development debate. National development plan of nigeria commonwealth governance. No wonder then that the concept of development has been subjected to several meanings and interpretations. Read this article to learn about the meaning, objectives and strategies of rural development in india. A background paper, mimeo, overseas development institute, london, january 2001. The challenges of agriculture and rural development in. Agricultural development is a part of rural development. These slogans were coined during the early phase of the military rule in nigeria, when. Rural development can be understood as the unfolding of capitalism in rural areas, and as that package of policy and project interventions that aim to foster socioeconomic change and human improvement in rural areas. The creation of the state joint local government account system sjlgas by section 162 of the 1999 federal constitution of nigeria was meant to facilitate rural development of the local communities through effective supervision of the distribution and efficient management of revenue accruing to the local government councils from the federation account. Targeting of development programs and allocation of and eligibility of funds from the programs and depends on how rural areas are classified. The unit then moves on to look at how mainstream approaches to rural development have evolved over time, beginning with the green revolution, integrated rural development and basic needs, before. Sustainable development approaches for rural development and poverty alleviation.
The work already done by others may be found in journals, newspapers, books, and records relating to the study in question. Fmard federal ministry of agriculture and rural development gaji gender advocacy for justice gdp gross domestic product geep government enterprise and empowerment. The concept and process of rural development in nigeria. The bedrock of agriculture and agricultural development in developing countries of subsaharan africa is rural development, without which all efforts at agricultural development will be futile. Gender issues in agriculture and rural development in.
Nigeria has had a relatively long experience in development planning beginning with the colonial development plan 195868. As a concept, it can notes overall development of rural. Unit information 1 unit overview 1 unit aims 1 unit learning outcomes 1 key readings 2 further readings 5 references 6 multimedia 8 1. Adult education and community development programmes as vital. This paper lays out an argument on rural development. They are development, rural areas, and rural or community development. Planning for rural development in nigeria oxford academic.
Rural development programme implementation in developing. Mediumterm development plans and national rolling plans were also developed and implemented with mixed results. The use of the term development to refer to national economic growth emerged in the united states beginning in the 1940s and in association with a key american foreign policy concern. The major population of africa was largely rural until recently, when rapid urban and industrial growth negated the corresponding growth of rural areas. Bogoro 2009 defined rural areas in nigeria as centers of deprivation where life is. Some writing on rural development thus addresses general issues of agrarian change, peasant economy, and rural politics.
In achieving its aim, the paper clarified the concept of development and rural. The paper is a critical examination of rural development programmes and the challenge of rural underdevelopment in nigeria. Agricultural production and economic growth in nigeria. Csd1617 rural development csd1617 national report israel 49 2. Origin and evolution of rural development concept and policies. There is however no universally acceptable definition of rural development, and the term is used in different ways and in vastly divergent context. Prospects for achieving sustainable development through. Frequently, the concept of rural development is used confusedly with agricultural development or regional development, however these concepts differ as described in box 1. Rural development concept and dimensions the effort to define rural is not new. It is imperative that we understand the concept of national development in the course of this study. Development theory economics and political science. Federal republic of nigeria implementation of the sdgs. The following key concept will be defined in this work.
Sep 28, 2016 rural development meaning, definition and concepts 1. Since the world war, development has been synonymous with economic, social, and political change. Emerging issues in rural development an issues paper simon maxwell, ian urey and caroline ashley overseas development institute london january 2001. The billions of dollars, which the three tiers of government and international agencies budget for the development of rural areas are often frittered away. Extension education unn 1985 unpublished all the above combine to the better conditions of the rural. Rural development meaning, definition and concepts 1. Meaning and concept although policy makers and the development community have widely used the phrase rural development, what constitutes rural development seems to. Meaning and concept although policy makers and the development community have widely used the phrase rural development, what constitutes rural development seems to have changed significantly overtimes. Rural settlement in nigeria, which manifests the cultural. The second examines the background history of nongovernmental organisations and the emergence of nongovernmental organization in the development process. Rural development is the process of improving the quality of life and economic wellbeing of people living in rural areas, often relatively isolated and sparsely populated areas.
Introduction the idea of selfhelp is one of several distinguishing features of rural community development theory, practice and ideology. Rural development programme implementationin developing countries. The unit then moves on to look at how mainstream approaches to rural development have evolved over time, beginning with the green revolution, integrated rural development and. While nigeria has made some progress in socioeconomic terms in recent years, its human capital development remains weak due to underinvestment and the country ranked 152 of 157 countries in the world bank s 2018 human capital index. By 1akintoye victor adejumo and 2opeyemi oluwabunmi adejumo abstract in recent time, the concept of sustainable development cannot be overemphasized. We then discuss contexts in which spatial constraints make a sectoral agricultural development entry point necessary. Nchuchuwe, friday francis department of public administration, faculty of management sciences, lagos state university. The impact of infrastructure development on rural communities. Integrated rural development has been defined as a consciously. The development space between urban and rural areas in nigeria is very broad in terms of the provision of economic development. Caroline ashley, stephen devereux, andrew dorward, frank ellis, john farrington. Rural development the concept of rural development rural is an area, where the people are engaged in primary industry in the sense that they produce things directly for the first time in cooperation with nature as stated by srivastava.
For the development of the rural areas, during recent years, the concept of integrated rural development has been widely accepted, and the aim of this paper is to introduce this concept and the problems of its operationalization. Poverty in nigeria is concentrated in rural areas, which are home to more than 70% of the nations poor. Achieving sustainable development and promoting development cooperation dialogues at the ecosoc iii desa the department of economic and social affairs of the united nations secretariat is. As a concept, it connotes overall development of rural areas with a view to improve the quality of life rural people. To define rural development, rural education or rural infrastructure, it is necessary to define rural first. The challenges of agriculture and rural development in africa.
According to whitaker 1982, rural was first used by the u. It emphasizes the need for a paradigm shift in the development of rural areas in nigeria. The term rural development is of focal interest and is widely acclaimed in both the developed and the developing countries of the world. Indeed the concept of rural development rd as an alternative strategy to overall development, has become a. Abstract the crux of this paper is to examine rural development programme implementation in developing countries with china and india as case studies. Strategies to deal with rural development should take into consideration the remoteness and potentials in rural areas and provide targeted differentiated approaches. Rural development in nigeria since independence legit. Poverty in rural south africa 5 a the causes of poverty mapping the institutional landscape i winners and losers in the transition from apartheid ii agrarian restructuring, rural development and land reform 5 5 8 b north west province 9 c madibogo i differentiation and poverty ii how poor people respond to poverty 11 12 14 4. The paper posits that the nigerian political arrangement. The role of local government in rural development issues jide ibietan abstract the central aim or focus of this paper is to highlight the role of local government being the closest tier of government to the grassroots in rural development. Then we discuss the role of agriculture in development, rural development and poverty reduction. In sections 5 to 9, the mutual links among them are explored through selected contributions from available literature which focus on development issues.
One recent attempt to redefine the concept of local government in nigeria was the popular slogan to make local government developmentoriented or to bring government closer to the people. Nigeria overview international development, poverty. Impact of women in community development in nigeria. Assessment of rural development strategy in nigeria iosr journal. Rural development in subsaharan africa policy perspectives for agriculture, sustainable resource management and poverty reduction bulletin 370 royal tropical institute kit amsterdam kit development, policy and practice. Rural development is viewed as that development that is beneficial to the rural populations, according to olayide et al. Rural development sustainable development knowledge. Traditionally, nigeria was a dominantly rural country. In section 4, after defining the concepts of development and development paradigms, some key ingredients of recent past and prevailing development recipes are identified. Furthermore, the country continues to face massive developmental challenges, which. Today, infrastructure development has become a muchdebated topic since scholars from. According to agarwal 1989 rural development is a strategy designed to improve the economic and social life of rural poor.
In developing countries where many people are living in rural communities, they are veritable instruments par excellence for tackling illiteracy, ignorance and diseases. A large majority of the farmers operate at the subsistence, smallholder level, with intensive agriculture being uncommon. Adult education and community development compliments each other in the bid to ameliorate and alleviate the living conditions of people. Essentially therefore, rural development as a concept is colloquially used. Rural development in nigeria since independence responded actively to rapid urban expansion and rural urban migration. Although rural areas in nigeria habour over eighty percent of the national population, they can only boast of about ten percent of the infrastructure and other indices of development. The main areas that have been taken into account in this research paper include, concept of rural development, approaches to rural development, problems experienced by rural individuals, programs. History of sustainable development and its significance to rural development. Nchuchuwe, friday francis department of public administration, faculty of management sciences, lagos state university, ojo, lagos state, nigeria adejuwon, kehinde david department of public administration, faculty of management sciences, lagos state university. Doc the concept of development patrick brobbey academia. Rural development in subsaharan africa policy perspectives for agriculture, sustainable resource. An overview development issues occupy an important position in the minds of scholars, policy makers and development experts especially as it affects third world societies. Even if citytypes settlements existed in the north yoruba in the past, an actual city like settlements was created along the coast as a response to retail trades with europe.
The most critical reason for the creation of local governments in nigeria is grassroots development otherwise known as rural development, which embraces a host of economic, social and political activities aimed at improving the standard and living conditions of the rural dwellers. Next, we explore the link between poverty and rurality. According to the world bank 2000, rural development. Pdf in nigeria, the philosophy of people s participation in rural. Because of the need for the understanding of the meaning of national development, it becomes a necessity that we ask the first question. This paper outlines a framework for analysing sustainable livelihoods, defined here in relation to five key indicators. Extension education unn 1985 unpublished all the above combine to the better conditions of the rural area. Development indicators for rural areas lag behind those for urban areas. A healthy and dynamic agricultural sector is an important foundation of rural development, generating strong linkages to other economic sectors.
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